Normalization or Alter table to add new fields

[Joseph Martinez]

I am having a hard time trying to figure out the correct/best way to make
this table(s) to track the progress of a juvenile once released from our
facility, ie: whether the juvenile has re-offended as a minor.

Necessary Items: (The Easy stuff)
[JuvenileID] - provided from the Juvenile Table
[ExitType] - Successful or Unsuccessful
[CloseDate] - Date the juvenile file was closed, ie, turned 18 or other

(The Hard Stuff)
If [ExitType] = "Successful",
then [Subsequent Adjudication(Reoffended)] = Yes or No.
If [SubsequentAdjudication] = Yes,
then [WhatTypeofAdjudication] = array(referred to StateLevel, NoChange, Other)
elseif [ExitType] = "Unsuccessful",
then [UnsuccessfulType] = array(Mental Health, Medical,Program Non-Compliance, Other)
end if

Do I make a new table with 5 fields or 4? Or do I add the fields to the Juvenile table? And how to make it, pardon the phrase, "Idiot-proof"?