Is "SGDB' an abbreviation of "relational database" in French?
You have:
select * from tbparent;
+-------+-------+
| colp1 | colp2 |
+-------+-------+
| a | 0 |
| a | 1 |
+-------+-------+
select* from tbchild;
+--------+--------+--------+
| colch1 | colch2 | colch3 |
+--------+--------+--------+
| 100 | a | abc |
+--------+--------+--------+
Ugh. Which tbparent row is the parent row of tbchild row?
An InnoDB anomaly, to put it mildly, is that it permits non-unique FKs. You've found a serious side-effect of that anomaly.
The docs say "The handling of foreign key references to nonunique keys or keys that contain NULL values is not well defined ... You are advised to use foreign keys that reference only UNIQUE (including PRIMARY) and NOT NULL keys."
Good advice, as you've found.