This bug is about a bit of a different thing: it's about mixed case being used for function grants and not taken into account when roles are used.
Otherwise you're correct that in mysql the privilege model is not fine-grained enough to give you access to the text of a specific stored program.
You either get access to the text for all of them residing in a database or none.
Basically the usual MySQL App security model is such that you typically grant each user all access to all objects into a "database" (or what you'd call a schema). This is a bit faster to enforce since you don't have to check grants for every individual access and thus people prefer doing it this way.
This also explains why the stored program text visibility is at database level atm.
Note that we also do not have the concept of "owner" of a schema object (like some other databases do). E.g. if you have CREATE on a database this doesn't mean automatically that, once you create a table you can insert or even select from it.
So please read
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/security.html and familiarize yourself with the concepts into it. They are slightly different compared to other databases.
This said what you've experienced is a valid feature request that you may want to file (or vote for) in bugs.mysql.com.
Georgi "Joro" Kodinov
MySQL SrvGen team lead
Plovdiv, Bulgaria